Open a Company in the USA
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美国公司类型
在美国开公司之前，投资者必须首先决定选择哪种业务结构或实体类型是最好的。每种公司类型都有主要的优势和劣势。通常有三种类型的企业结构:C公司，S公司和有限责任公司。
通常，投资者根据其有限责任保护要求来选择实体类型。一般来说，所有的企业都需要责任保护。因此，成立有限责任公司可能是最好的选择。正式的业务结构，如有限责任公司和在法律上将公司与所有者分离的公司，可为公司提供责任保护。
公司是一个独立的法律实体，根据州法律成立，保护所有者(股东)的资产免受债权人的索赔。由于C公司分为由股东持有的股票，所以公司的所有者称为股东。股东只对所持股份的比例负责。股东，也就是公司的所有者，通常对公司债务和负债不承担个人责任。这种保护也延伸到公司的董事、员工和其他管理人员。在联邦层面，营利性公司在税收方面被归类为C类公司或S类公司。在C型公司中，收入和费用都要向公司而不是所有者纳税。公司由董事会管理。州法律规定了董事会的最低董事人数，以及州一级的其他合规和税收相关要求。成立公司将自动赋予实体C公司的地位。公司对寻求吸引投资者的小企业很有用，因为它提供有限责任保护。此外，如果你不是所有者，而只是一个投资者，你将只对股息征税。虽然，你需要一个州内街道地址来转发官方法律和税务信件，包括程序服务，被称为注册代理人地址，但对公司所有权没有国籍或居住要求。许多外国企业主采用C公司结构，因为其利润和亏损不会流入所有者的腰包，因此在某些情况下，外国企业主不需要在美国提交个人所得税申报表。
S公司是适用于有限责任公司和公司(C公司)的税务地位。为了实现这种税收结构，根据联邦税法的规定，向美国国税局(IRS)提交2553表格，即小规模公司的选举。S公司的好处是，利润、亏损和其他税目通过公司转移到所有者手中，并在他们的个人所得税申报表上报告。公司不用按公司层面征税。这意味着企业本身不需要纳税，所有者只需要对企业的净收入缴纳所得税。S公司还具有为员工/所有者设定“合理工资”的灵活性。最重要的是，你必须拥有不超过100个股东才有资格成为S公司。美国国税局还定义了“合格股东”。根据联邦法律，股东必须是美国公民或合法居民。
有限责任公司是其投资者拥有的一种正式的企业结构。在公司遭受亏损的不幸情况下，有限责任公司是保护投资者个人资产的好办法。有限责任公司的税收优惠和在会计、管理和利润分成等重要事项上具有更优越的灵活性也值得考虑。在管理方面，有限责任公司不像公司制公司需要每年召开董事和股东会议，并保留所有公司会议和重大业务决策的详细文件和记录，有限责任公司不需要这样的手续。你可以选择你的有限责任公司作为公司或通过实体纳税。有限责任公司按公司纳税，在公司层面缴纳所得税，所有者还要缴纳个人所得税。如果你的有限责任公司是作为一个传递实体纳税，公司的所有者支付个人所得税，不需要单独提交商业税申报表。虽然，您需要一个州内街道地址，以便转发官方法律和税务信函，包括传票送达，称为注册代理人地址，但有限责任公司的所有权没有国籍或居住要求。
How to Open a Company in the USA
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Starting a business in the USA can be a very rewarding experience with many advantages. One of the biggest benefits is gaining access to the world’s largest consumer market. With its population of over 350 million and the vast majority having access to relatively high levels of disposable income, there are almost unlimited opportunities for businesses that can meet the needs of US consumers. Additionally, USA companies benefit from reduced risk due to relatively strong property rights laws, low levels of government corruption, and ready access to international standards of technology and services. Finally incentive programs such as tax credits and discounts on commercial rates make it attractive for foreign investors and entrepreneurs alike looking to establish their operations in this vibrant market.
In the United States, there are different kinds of business entities and it is important to understand the differences and implications between one another when choosing which to form. Differences between business entities include limited liability protection, tax treatment, and government requirements. There are 6 types of business entities in the US: Sole Proprietorship, General Partnership, Limited Partnership, S-Corporation, C-Corporation, and Limited Liability Company (LLC).
When opening a company in the United States, deciding which state to incorporate in is fundamental. This decision determines the regulations and taxes your company must abide by.
The best way to make this decision is to consider the specific needs of your business. For example, if you plan on having a physical office or store location, you’ll need to choose a state that allows for commercial activity. Or, if you want to take advantage of certain tax benefits, you may want to choose a state with no income tax.
Rules for selecting and reserving a name for your company vary depending on the company’s structure and the state in which you are seeking to do business.
When setting up your company in the USA, you will need to appoint a registered agent. This is a person or company that lives in the state you are seeking to conduct business in (or is allowed to conduct business in that state) that will receive important legal and tax documents on behalf of your business.
To file your company with the state, you will need to complete the necessary paperwork and submit it to the appropriate agency. The specific forms and procedures will vary by state and by your company’s structure
After filing your company with the state you have selected, it is time to apply for a Federal Employer Identification Number, or FEIN.
A FEIN is a nine-digit number that is used to identify businesses for tax purposes.
When starting a business in the United States, you will need to have a physical mailing address. This can be your home address, or you can set up a mailbox at a local UPS Store or other mail service. Another way is by establishing a physical office in the state where the company is going to be formed. To open a bank account for your company, on the other hand, you will need to provide your company name, FEIN, and physical mailing address.
Most states require companies to file an annual report with the state, providing updated information on the company’s officers, registered agents, and capitalization. The report is typically due in the late spring or early summer.
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